The Roman Empire
(Today the modern Antakia, Turkey)
Maps & Videos of the Paul's Missionary Journeys
Paul's First Missionary Journey
Acts 13:2 - 14:28
Paul's Second Missionary Journey
Acts 15:40 - 18:22
Paul's Third Missionary Journey
Acts 18:23 - 21:17
GALATIA
(Asia Minor)
Modern Turkey
Galatia
Photos Derbe and Lystra
Letters Written by Paul
GALATIANS
Paul's Letter to the Galatians
01. English
01. English
02. Spanish - (Español)
03. French - (Français)
04. German - (Deutsch)
05. Arabic - (العربية)
06. Greek - (Κοινη)
07. Hindi – (हिन्दी)
08. Italian – (Italiano)
09. Russian – (Русский)
10. Ukrainian – (Українська)
11. Chinese – (汉语)
12. Portuguese - (Português)
OUTLINE
of Galatians
I. INTRODUCTION: The Rightness of Paul’s Gospel Asserted, 1:1-10
A. Greeting, 1:1-4 (NKJV)
B. Loyalty to the Gospel
1. No Other Gospel, 1:6-10 (NIV & NABRE)
II. JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH DEFENDED: Paul’s Authority, 1:11 – 2:21
A. Paul Defends His Ministry: His Authority Acquired Through Revelation, 1:11-24 (NIV(*) & NASB)
1. Paul Called by God to Apostleship, 1:11-17 (NKJV & NIV)
2. Contacts at Jerusalem, 1:18-24 (NKJV)
B. The Council at Jerusalem: His Authority Approved by the Church in Jerusalem, 2:1-10 [NASB & NIV(*)]
C. His Authority Acknowledged in the Rebuke of Peter, 2:11-21
1. The Jewish-Gentile controversy: No Return to the Law, 2:11-21 (CEB & NKJV)
a. Peter’s Inconsistency at Antioch, 2:11-14 (NABRE)
b. Faith and Works: Justified by Faith in Christ, 2:15-21 (NABRE & LEB)
III. FAITH AND LIBERTY: Justification by Faith Explained: Paul’s Gospel, 3:1 – 4:31 (NABRE & NIV(*)
A. The Argument from Experience: Works versus the Spirit, 3:1-5 (NIV(*) & (CEB)
B. The Argument from Abraham, 3:6-9 (NIV(*)
1. Abraham: an example of righteousness (CEB)
C. The Argument from the Law, 3:10-4:11 (NIV(*)
1. The Law Brings a Curse, 3:10-14 (NKJV)
2. The Changeless Promise: The Promise to Abraham and His Descendant, 3:15-18 (NKJV & LEB)
3. The Addition of the Law, 3:19-29 (LEB)
a. Purpose of the Law, 3:19-25 (NKJV)
b. Sons and Heirs, 3:26-29 (NKJV)
4. No Longer Slaves But Sons and Heirs, 4:1-7 (LEB)
5. Do Not Be Enslaved Again, 4:8-12 (LEB)
D. The Argument from Personal Testimony, 4:13-20 (NIV(*)
1. Paul’s Personal Appeal to former loyalty, 4:13-20 (LEB & NABRE)
E. The Argument from an Allegory, 4:21-31
1. An Allegory on Christian Freedom, 4:21-31 (NABRE)
a. Hagar and Sarah Represent Two Covenants (LEB)
IV. EXHORTATION TO CHRISTIAN LIVING
A. Justification by Faith Applied: Paul’s Ethics, 5:1 – 6:10 (NIV(*)
1. In Relation to Christian Liberty, 5:1-15 (NIV(*)
a. Live in Freedom and Love One Another
2. In Relation to the Flesh and the Spirit, 5:16-26 (NIV(*)
a. Live by the Spirit and Reject the Deeds of the Flesh
a’. Two different ways of living: God’s Spirit and Our Own Desires, 5:16-25 (CEB & CEB)
3. In Relation to a Sinning Brother, 6:1-5 (NIV(*)
a. Bear and Share the Burdens (Carry One Another’s Burdens), 6:1-5 (NKJV & LEB)
4. In Relation to Giving, 6:6-10 (NIV(*)
a. Be Generous and Do Good (Do Good to All People), 6:6-10 (NKJV & LEB)
V. CONCLUSION: The Substance of Paul’s Instruction, 6:11-18 (NIV(*)
A. A Final Warning, 6:11-16 (LEB)
1. Not Circumcision but the New Creation: Glory Only in the Cross, 6:11-16 (NIV & NKJV)
B. Conclusion and Benediction, 6:17,18 (LEB)
(*) Bible. English. New International. 1986. The Ryrie study Bible.
GALATIANS, Chapter 4
1) Some Bible Verses
2) Sermons
01. English
02. Español
03. Português
3) Notes
Galatians 4 New American Bible (Revised Edition) (NABRE)
Footnotes:
a. 4:1–7 What Paul
has argued in Gal 3:26–29 is now elaborated in terms of the
Christian as the heir (Gal 4:1, 7; cf. Gal 3:18, 29) freed from control by others. Again, as in Gal 3:2–5, the proof
that Christians are children of God is the gift of the Spirit of Christ
relating them intimately to God.
b. 4:1, 3 Not of
age: an infant or minor.
c. 4:3 The
elemental powers of the world: while the term can refer to the “elements” like
earth, air, fire, and water or to elementary forms of religion, the sense here
is more likely that of celestial beings that were thought in pagan circles to
control the world; cf. Gal 4:8; Col 2:8, 20.
d. 4:6 Children:
see note on Gal 3:26; here in contrast to the infant or young
person not of age (Gal 3:1, 3). Abba: cf. Mk 14:36 and the note; Rom 8:15.
e. 4:8–11 On the
basis of the arguments advanced from Gal 3:1 through Gal 4:7, Paul now launches his appeal to the
Galatians with the question, how can you turn back to the slavery of
the law (Gal 4:9)? The question is posed with reference to bondage to the elemental
powers (see note on Gal 4:3) because the
Galatians had originally been converted to Christianity from paganism, not
Judaism (Gal 4:8). The use of the
direct question is like Gal 3:3–5.
f. 4:8 Things
that by nature are not gods: or “gods that by nature do not exist.”
g. 4:10 This is
likely a reference to ritual observances from the Old Testament, promoted by opponents:
sabbaths or Yom Kippur, new moon, Passover or Pentecost, sabbatical years.
h. 4:11 Cf. Gal 2:2. If the
Galatians become slaves…all over again to the law (Gal 4:9), Paul will
have worked in vain among them.
i. 4:12–20 A
strongly personal section. Paul appeals to past ties between the Galatians and
himself. He speaks sharply of the opponents (Gal 4:17–18) and
pastorally to the Galatians (Gal 4:19–20).
j. 4:12 Because I
have also become as you are: a terse phrase in Greek, meaning “Be as I, Paul,
am,” i.e., living by faith, independent of the law, for, in spite of my
background in Judaism (Gal 1:13), I have become as you Galatians are now,
a brother in Christ.
k. 4:13 Physical
illness: because its nature is not described, some assume an eye disease (Gal 4:15); others, epilepsy; some relate it to 2 Cor 12:7–9. Originally: this may also be translated
“formerly” or “on the first (of two) visit(s)”; cf. Acts 16:6; 18:23.
l. 4:15 That
blessedness of yours: possibly a reference to the Galatians’ initial happy
reception of Paul (Gal 4:14) and of his gospel (Gal 1:6; 3:1–4) and their felicitation at such
blessedness, but the phrase could also refer ironically to earlier praise by
Paul of the Galatians, no longer possible when they turn from the gospel to the
claims of the opponents (Gal 4:17–18; 1:7). If the word is a more literal reference to a beatitude, Gal 3:26–28 may
be in view.
m. 4:17 Isolate
you: that is, from the blessings of the gospel and/or from Paul.
n. 4:21–31 Paul
supports his appeal for the gospel (Gal 4:9; 1:6–9; 2:16; 3:2) by a further argument from scripture
(cf. Gal 3:6–18). It involves the relationship of Abraham (Gal 3:6–16) to his
wife, Sarah, the freeborn woman, and to Hagar, the slave woman, and
the contrast between the sons born to each, Isaac, child of promise, and
Ishmael, son of Hagar (Gn 16; 21). Only through
Isaac is the promise of God preserved. This allegory (Gal 4:24), with its
equation of the Sinai covenant and Mosaic law with slavery and of the promise
of God with freedom, Paul uses only in light of previous arguments. His
quotation of Gn 21:10 at Gal 4:30 suggests
on a scriptural basis that the Galatians should expel those who are troubling
them (Gal 1:7).
o. 4:25 Hagar
represents Sinai…: some manuscripts have what seems a geographical note, “For
Sinai is a mountain in Arabia.”
p. 4:27 Is 54:1 in the Septuagint translation is
applied to Sarah as the barren one (in Gn 15) who ultimately becomes the mother not
only of Isaac but now of numerous children, i.e., of all those who believe, the children
of the promise (Gal 4:28).
Bible Dictionaries
.
Images
Traductor
Nenhum comentário:
Postar um comentário